Cryptography is a method of protecting information and communications through the use of codes so that only those for whom the information is intended can read and process it. We normally refer cryptography to secure information and communication techniques derived from mathematical concepts and a set of rule-based calculations from algorithms to transform messages in ways that are hard to decipher. These deterministic algorithms are used for cryptographic key generation and digital signing and verification to protect data privacy, web browsing on the internet and confidential communications such as credit card transactions and email.